The Relationship Between Sleep Apnea and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Scoping Review
A Narrative Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33005/jdiversemedres.v3i8.363Keywords:
chronic kidney disease, continuous positive airway pressure, hypoxia, sleep apnea syndromesAbstract
Sleep apnea and chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a complex bidirectional effect. Sleep apnea accelerates the decline of kidney function through various mechanisms. CKD can worsen the severity of sleep apnea. This study aims to conduct a scoping review of studies discussing the relationship between sleep apnea and CKD. A scoping review was conducted through a systematic literature search in PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect using keywords related to sleep apnea, CKD, and CPAP therapy. A total of 18 peer-reviewed articles meeting the inclusion criteria were analyzed. The prevalence of sleep apnea among CKD patients was found to be high, with a bidirectional relationship worsening both conditions. Sleep apnea was identified as an independent risk factor accelerating the progression of CKD. CPAP therapy demonstrated significant benefits in improving kidney function and reducing biomarkers of kidney injury, especially among patients with good treatment adherence. Variability in diagnostic methods and population characteristics influenced the study results. The relationship between sleep apnea and CKD is multifactorial and requires a multidisciplinary management approach. CPAP therapy has the potential to slow the progression of CKD.
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