Journal of Diverse Medical Research: Medicosphere

Anxiety in Pregnancy

Hilmia Fahma — 2024-10-08

Background. Pregnant women commonly faced anxiety. Not only affect their maternal health, but also contribute significantly foetus development. Identifying the contributing factors will drive to specific interventions given to the patients.

Methods. We search from Pubmed and Google Scholar database using relevant keywords, such as "anxiety in pregnancy," "maternal anxiety," and "pregnancy stress."

Discussion. Not only psychological factor, several others contribute significantly in anxiety of pregnancy. Both mother and foetus could suffer bad outcomes. Thus, interventions should comprehensively manage both mother health and foetus development.

Conclusion. The anxiety in pregnancy had potential impact on the well-being of both the mother and the developing foetus. The critical importance of implementing comprehensive interventions to effectively address this significant issue.

The Role of Procalcitonin to Determine Infection in Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Laurentius Johan Ardian — 2024-10-08

Introduction: Early diagnosis infection in diabetic foot patients remains challenging. Several biomarkers have been used as a diagnostic tool, including procalcitonin. However, the performance of this examination is still questioning.

Aim: This evidence-based case report aims to assess the performance of procalcitonin level to distinguish between infected and non-infected diabetic foot.

Method: Literature searching was performed in Medline, Cochrane, EBSCO, Scopus, and also hand searching. Only articles with cuts off outcome were included.

Result: Patients with diabetic ulcer infection has a higher procalcitonin level compare with those who did not have a disease. Several cuts off provide to diagnose infection in the diabetic ulcer. Uzun et al. found 0.08 and 0.1 as a cut off which performed good specificity and sensitivity.

Conclusion: Procalcitonin helps us to distinguish non-infected and infected diabetic ulcers. The best cut-off value was 0.5 with the 54 % sensitivity and 100 % specificity.

Experience in Laboratory Diagnostics of Falciparum Malaria and Dengue Co-infection with Eosinophilia

Aktaruddin Arief Santoso — 2024-10-08

Indonesia is an archipelagic country with a tropical climate and is vulnerable to regional and global climate change impacts. Due to climatic factors, the country faces a high risk of vector-borne diseases such as malaria and dengue. Malaria and dengue are spread through vector mosquitoes. Concurrent malaria and dengue fever infections occur when these two diseases occur simultaneously in a person. There was a possible relationship between the immune response and hematological recovery after acute falciparum malaria. This case reported a patient with overlapping clinical features and the difficulties encountered in differential malaria-dengue diagnosis in a rural hospital in Jombang, East Java, Indonesia.

Disaster Medicine in Low-Resource Settings Recent Challenges and Innovations

Wayan Dhea Agastya — 2024-10-08

Background. Disaster medicine in low-resource settings faces many challenges. Most are aggravated by limited infrastructure, scarce medical supplies, and insufficiently trained health professionals. This calls for complexity in responding to these events due to enhanced logistic challenges and sociopolitical instability, according to which may hamper effective and timely medical interventions.

Methods. Literature searching was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science using Search terms included "disaster medicine," "low-resource settings," "emergency response," and "innovations in disaster care.". Systematic reviews of peer-reviewed articles, reports, and case studies were chosen.

Factors That Reduce The Incidence of Lung Tuberculosis Other Than Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) in Latent Igra Positive HIV-TB Patients

Shinta Karina Yuniati — 2024-10-08

Background. One crucial public health measure to stop persons living with HIV (PLWHA) from developing active TB is isoniazid preventative therapy (IPT). Only few hospitals in Indonesia continue to offer IPT.

Aim. The purpose of this study was to assess how IPT affected the incidence of TB in patients with latent HIV infection.

Method. This study uses a prospective cohort design and is quasi-experimental in design. Samples for the study were obtained by convenience sampling and the study was carried out in the inpatient and outpatient departments of UPIPI Dr. Soetomo Hospital. Latent IGRA positive HIV-TB patients who satisfied the inclusion requirements made up the samples.

Result. Of the 59 patients who finished the screening exam, 23 fulfilled the inclusion requirements for this study. Using the ELISPOT method, the IGRA T-SPOT.TB test yields 36 (64.29%) negative findings and 23 (35.18%) positive results. After six months of IPT administration, analysis of the data revealed that the incidence of active pulmonary TB in latent HIV-TB patients was 0% in the IPT group and 0% in the non-IPT group. Antiretroviral medication used for more than four years and a CD4+ T lymphocyte count of more than 200 cells/μL were factors that contributed to the lack of pulmonary tuberculosis in both groups.

Conclusion. ARV used for more than four years and CD4+ lymphocyte count more than 200 cells/L contributing significantly in pulmonary tuberculosis incidence.

Neonatal thrombocytopenia associated with placental insufficiency

Laksmi Suci Handini — 2024-10-08

Thrombocytopenia commonly found in neonatal, especially in ill-appearing infant. However, it may happened in well-appearing infant. This following case showed infant could have thrombocytopenia right after delivery process. This thrombocytopenia phenomenon assumed due to plasental insufficiency in mother with preeclampsia. Placental insufficiency is a condition where the placenta, which is responsible for providing nutrients and oxygen to the developing fetus, is not functioning adequately. Finding the correct etiology made early interventions given in this patients.