Journal of Diverse Medical Research: Medicosphere

The Effectiveness of Integrated Growth Monitoring and Nutritional Surveillance for Early Detection and Prevention of Malnutrition in Early Childhood

Dimas Agung Prihanggara — 2025-03-24

Background: Early childhood malnutrition is a significant public health problem, especially in developing countries. Its impact is not only limited to impaired physical growth, but also affects cognitive development, increases susceptibility to disease, and decreases future productivity. Early detection and effective prevention are essential to reduce the long-term impact of malnutrition and improve the quality of human resources. Growth Monitoring and Nutritional Surveillance are two key strategies in the fight against malnutrition. Growth Monitoring involves monitoring children's growth at regular intervals through weight weighing, height measurement, and nutritional status assessment, while Nutritional Surveillance focuses on collecting, analyzing, and interpreting nutrition data to monitor the nutritional status of the population and identify risk factors that contribute to nutritional problems. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of integrated Growth Monitoring and Nutritional Surveillance in detecting and preventing early childhood malnutrition. Methods: The method used was a literature review from various sources, including scientific journals, reports from health organizations, and government publications with a boundary of 2018-2024. Results and Discussion: The results and discussion show that the integration of Growth Monitoring and Nutritional Surveillance provides a comprehensive and effective approach. Growth Monitoring enables early identification of children at risk of growth disorders, while Nutritional Surveillance provides data on the prevalence, trends, and determinants of malnutrition for targeted interventions. Conclusion: The integration of Growth Monitoring and Nutritional Surveillance is essential to improve the effectiveness of early detection and prevention of malnutrition in early childhood.

The Effectiveness of Micronutrient Supplementation in Improving Nutritional Status

Muhammad Ismail Nugroho — 2025-03-24

Background: Micronutrient deficiencies, such as iron, vitamin A, zinc, and iodine, remain critical nutritional issues in developing countries, including Indonesia. These deficiencies significantly impact public health, particularly among children and pregnant women, causing conditions like anemia, stunting, and increased susceptibility to infections. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of micronutrient supplementation in improving nutritional status, with a focus on identifying challenges and proposing solutions for sustainable interventions. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using sources from Google Scholar. Keywords included “micronutrient supplementation,” “nutritional status improvement,” and “micronutrient deficiencies.” Journals were selected based on criteria such as publication within the last 20 years, relevance, and inclusion of clinical trials or human case studies. Data were classified by micronutrient type, target population, and measured outcomes. Results and Discussion: Micronutrient supplementation significantly improves nutritional status in vulnerable groups. Iron supplementation reduces anemia rates and associated complications, while vitamin A supplementation decreases infection-related morbidity and mortality. Zinc supplementation alleviates stunting and reduces diarrhea and respiratory infections in children. However, challenges such as limited accessibility, low compliance, and programmatic barriers persist, necessitating integrated approaches for sustainable outcomes. Conclusion: Micronutrient supplementation is effective in improving nutritional and health status, particularly among children and pregnant women. To optimize these outcomes, supplementation programs should be complemented by education, food-based interventions, and supportive government policies that ensure accessibility and sustainability.

Analysis of Risk Factors for Typhoid Fever Cases in Flood-Prone Areas

Syah Ariq Zaidaan Najich — 2025-03-24

Background: Indonesia, a country experiencing severe drought, is highly susceptible to
waterborne diseases, such as typhoid fever caused by Salmonella typhi infection. Poor
sanitation conditions and high water levels can exacerbate the drought situation and create a
conducive environment for waterborne diseases. Understanding the risk factors associated with
typhoid fever in drought-prone areas is critical for effective intervention and management.
Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the risk factors associated with increased incidence
of typhoid fever in flood-prone areas.Method: This study used the literature review method by
collecting data from various sources published between 2018 and 2024, through the Google
Scholar and Mendeley platforms. The keywords used in the search were “flood,” “typhoid
fever,” and “risk factors. ”Results and Discussion: The analysis revealed that poor sanitary
conditions and high levels of air pollution are the main risks contributing to typhoid disease.
Unhealthy environments and inadequate public access in remote areas increase the risk of
transmission. Education on personal hygiene and health awareness is essential to prevent
typhoid disease, especially in areas with minimal health infrastructure.Conclusion: he main
risk factors for typhoid fever in flood-prone areas are poor sanitation and limited access to
clean water. Community education efforts on hygiene and sanitation should be conducted to
prevent a surge in typhoid fever cases and protect overall public health.

The Relationship between Stunting and Body Resistance to Infection in Children

Aisyah Candra — 2025-03-30

Background: Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem due to malnutrition, especially during the first 1,000 days of life. In addition to affecting physical growth, stunting also affects children's cognitive development and immune system. Stunted children have a higher risk of recurrent infections such as respiratory infections and diarrhea, because their immune systems are not yet optimally developed. In Indonesia, the prevalence of stunting is still quite high and is one of the main health problems, caused by prolonged malnutrition that weakens the function of the child's immune system. Objective: To determine the relationship between stunting and resistance to infection in children, as well as the role of proper nutrition in improving health and endurance. Methods: A literature review covering various scientific sources from 2019-2024 through the Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct databases with the keywords "stunting," "immunity," "infection," and "children." Secondary data on the prevalence of stunting and infection are used to show the relationship between these two factors. Results and Discussion: Stunted children are more susceptible to infection because their immune systems are not yet optimal due to a lack of essential nutrients such as protein, zinc, and vitamins. Research shows that an unbalanced diet and zinc deficiency can weaken the immune response, making children more likely to experience respiratory infections and diarrhea. Repeated infections worsen their nutritional status, creating a cycle of malnutrition and infection that is difficult to break. Conclusion: Stunting is closely related to low body resistance to infection. Children who experience stunting have a higher risk of recurrent infections due to a less than optimal immune system. Appropriate nutritional intake, such as protein, zinc, and vitamins, plays an important role in increasing immunity and overcoming stunting.

The Relationship of Diet and Hygiene to the Incidence of Tonsillitis in Children

Fakhirah Nailah — 2025-03-30

Background: Everyone has tonsils that can become problematic for some reason. Tonsillitis is an inflammation of the tonsils that occurs due to infection. Inflammation of the tonsils can cause discomfort and difficulty swallowing. These conditions cause disruption to daily activities. The incidence of tonsillitis in Indonesia is still quite high, especially in children aged 5-15 years. Tonsillitis itself is the second highest case in the ear nose and throat (ENT) field. Tonsillitis can occur due to several factors, one of which is closely related to diet and oral hygiene. This article is to determine the relationship between diet and oral hygiene on the incidence of tonsillitis in children.

Methods: The method used was a literature review taken from several sources from 2019-2024. Database for this article such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. The search keywords we used were diet, hygiene, tonsillitis, and child.

Discussion: The highest incidence of tonsillitis in children is due to the body's imperfect immune response. This is supported by children's low knowledge of unhealthy diets such as eating fast food and preservatives. In addition, oral hygiene also contributes to the risk of tonsillitis where children cannot maintain their own hygiene such as washing hands before eating and brushing teeth twice a day.

Conclusion: There is an association between diet and oral hygiene to tonsillitis supported by the immune system that is still in the developmental stage in children.

Relationship Between Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) Factors in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus

Kendra Callista Satyafebrianti — 2025-03-30

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that can significantly affect the quality of life of patients. Poor quality of life is often associated with poor disease control, complications, and psychosocial burden. A better understanding of the factors that affect the quality of life of DM patients is essential for designing effective interventions. Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between health-based quality of life factors and the condition of diabetes mellitus patients. Method: This study used a literature review method. Researchers collect data through database sources, such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. The articles used are in English. The keywords used in the article search are: "heart related quality of life" and "diabetes mellitus". The article search is limited to publications in the last 5 years (2019 to 2024). Results: The results showed that factors such as glycemic control, severity of complications, social support, and depression were significantly associated with the quality of life of patients. Patients with better glycemic control and higher social support reported better quality of life. Conclusion: Overall, the quality of life of diabetes mellitus patients is greatly influenced by various factors, including glycemic control, complications, social support, and psychosocial factors. To improve the quality of life of diabetes patients, it is important to provide a holistic approach that includes good medical management, emotional support, and social interventions that can improve their well-being.